Ampalaya Coffee Essay Example for Free

Ampalaya Coffee EssayThis investigatory project aims to prep be and also to make a chocolate from the Ampalaya Seeds. We know that Ampalaya or also known as Bitter melon is known for as its bitterness and astringent taste , the bitter melon bear see everywhere. This investigatory project encourage us students to make a coffee, as an alternative product . This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of the ampalaya seeds as coffee. The researchers used powdered Ampalaya seeds in this study.After researching and collecting the bare materials, the researchers were able to begin the experimentation. The coffee was obtained by drying, grinding, and roasting the seeds of ampalaya, and boiled. After boiling, the coffee was manually extracted with the use of a clean cloth. The study focuses on producing coffee break of ampalaya seeds. It does not aimed to determine which coffee (ampalaya seeds vs. commercial coffee) has more nutritional value or which is more nutritious. I I. Acknowledgement.We would like to thank to the following person that are divine service us to start and to continuing this our Investigatory Project ,including the following to our ALMIGHTY GOD that help us and give us strength and knowledge to excuse the main idea of this investigatory project . To our parents and also our friend who give us supports to finish our Investigatory Project. For our parents that supplies our needs , including the financial needs . THANK YOU Chapter 1 Introduction In our modern generation , many people in our country used coffee especially our grandparents and also our parents.Coffee is known as beverage to the majority of the people. It is known for its stimulating effect on the functions of the brain , thus making the drinker active . Variants of coffee flavors were already produced all throughout the world aiming for the discovery of alternative sources of coffee production . The coffee from ampalaya seeds help us to earn and save money . A. Backg round of the study Coffee alternatives bedevil been famous since the last two decades due to economic crisis and experimentations for health and medical benefits.Any seeds that are edible when powdered can be used as an alternative source for coffee. The difference of the generic coffee from the seeds of the coffee plant from those of the alternatives is that it has a good amount of caffeine content. The similarity you can find in the alternatives and those of the original is that seeds contain carbohydrates which cause the aroma in roasted coffee. Ampalaya, on the other hand, is a crawling vine that grows mostly on tropical countries like the Philippines. It is utter to be rich in iron, potassium, beta-carotene and other nutrients.It is also famous in treating diabetes because of its properties like polypeptide-P a plant insulin that can lower blood sugar levels. numerous researches on agricultural food chemistry convey that it provides nutritionally significant amounts of nutri ents, minerals and amino acids that are needed for life. B. Objectives of the study B1. General Objectives 1. To determine if the ampalaya seeds have sizable characteristics of the products in terms of color, aroma, taste, and acidity. B2. Specific Objectives 1. To produce coffee using ampalaya seeds as the main ingredient.2. To determine and compare the levels of acceptability of the coffee samples. C. Hypotheses NULL 1. There is no significant difference among the different ampalaya coffee samples substantial in terms of their color, aroma, and taste. ALTERNATIVE 1. There is no significant difference among the different ampalaya coffee samples developed in terms of their acceptability. D. Significance of the study Momordica Charantia or ampalaya seeds contain iron and folic acid which are essential for the production of the red blood cells and the locution of hemoglobin and myoglobin.Coffee is usually drunk hot, black or with cream and sugar and also drunk cold as iced coffee, specially summer. People are used of drinking coffee every morning to warmth their body and at night to avoid being sleepy. But coffee contains a stimulative called caffeine. The result of this will determine if the coffee made from ampalaya seeds can be use as a substitute for the commercial coffee. This study aimed to produce coffee using ampalaya seeds as substitute. The study was important because ampalaya is abundant in the Philippines. The product may be an anti-diabetes coffee but it is not the main concern of the study.Everybody can benefit of the result of the study unless a coffee drinker. It would recycle the ampalaya seeds instead of being thrown away which a lot of people consider it as waste. E. Scope and limitation The proposed study was limited to producing coffee out of ampalaya (Momordica charantia Linn. ) seeds. Three samples were prepared with different ampalaya seed concentration and same amount of water for analogy purposes in which one of the samples was pur e commercial coffee. The samples were processed by the basic methods of making coffee roasting, grinding, and brewing.

Role of Marketing Essay Example for Free

Role of Marketing Essay1. The Body Shop organises its own fair trade programme called conjunction Trade to promote fair trade with its ingredient suppliers who are mainly from developing countries.By buying ingredients from these suppliers, the Body Shop helps them earn more income. Ultimately, mickle working for these suppliers are also expected to have better pay. This would help improve the living standards of people in developing countries.2The Body Shop derriere improves the social welfare of people in lodge by providing funding for non-governmental organisations working in such areas as human rights and environmental protection. These areas are essential for the well-being of people.3Yes. The Body Shops Against Animal Testing policy benefits society because it offers other species a better chance to survive. One of the key factors in preserving our societys well-being is maintaining an ecological balance between humans and non-human creatures. The large number of anim als used for testing may lead to the extinction of species and eventually attain the ecological balance. What the Body Shop is doing is trying to reverse the imbalance, and consequently this will benefit society.4The Body Shop finds the highest quality ingredients and transforms them into innovative products. It then markets and prices its products fairly. Thus, customers keister have sex a wide diversity of new, high-quality products. They can also afford to buy these products for a reasonable price. (As the Body Shops products are made of raw(a) instead of artificial ingredients, they are also expected to be safer for customers. This improves the well-being of its customers.)5By practising a societal marketing concept, the Body Shop gains the trust and loyalty of its customers. It can also gain goodwill from the general public. In the long run, this would lead to increased sales and profits.

Cadbury Company An Analysis of Financial Statements

Cadbury Company An Analysis of Financial StatementsThis analysis is to examine the performance of Cadbury in 2007 and 2008 from their financial statements which argon shown below.There is a significant improvement in Cadburys confection revenues which increased 15% to 5.4bn. Cadbury increased their price in their selling in 2008 for balance the rise of their input cost and besides increased the price of their product, Cadbury also sleek their cost base, by decreasing in sales, to save their cost from labours, raw materials, and electricity, also Cadbury reduced their general and administration cost and in central overhead.Because of this movement, from the table of income statement and balance sheet, at that place is a significant change in their operational circumference which is 278 million pounds in 2007 and it increased to 388 million pounds in 2008. There is also a big increase in discontinued surgical operation from 2007 to 2008, which Cadbury made benefit 258 million pounds in 2007 but loss 4 million pounds in 2008, this was happened because in 2008, Cadbury got a transaction cost of separation of the Americas Beverages business, in this year, Cadbury completed the demerger of its American Beverages business and sell the Australia Beverages business.From the table data that we had from Cadbury website, here atomic number 18 calculations to know about performance of Cadbury that each calculation has its own purpose. mainly ratios have three important functions which areFrom ratios, it is easier for us to make a conclusion than from a financial statement itself, because almost time financial statement is truly complex, and it is hard for us to draw a conclusion from that. balances provide a good benchmark that makes us easier to equality from one company to another.Here are some ratios about performance of Cadbury which all calculation is in million pounds. From this ratio, we compare 3 years financial statements and the ratios areProfitabilit yEfficiency investing ratiosPROFITABILITYReturn on normal shareholders silver (ROSF)In 2007 just shareholders fund = (3696+4173)2 = 3934.5ROSF = (407 3934.5) x atomic number 6 = 10.344%In 2008Average shareholders fund = (4173+3534)2= 3853.5ROSF = (366 3853.5 ) x 100 = 9.5%Return on Capital employed (ROCE)In 2007Average total additions less current liabilities = ( 6855 + 6724 ) 2 = 6789.5ROCE = (278 6789.5) x 100 = 4.095%In 2008Average total summations less current liabilities = (6724 + 5507) 2 = 6115.5ROCE = (388 6115.5) x 100 = 6.345%Operating Profit MarginIn 2007Operating amplification = 278Operating profit margin = 278 4699 x 100 = 5.92%In 2008Operating profit = 388Operating profit margin = 388 5384 x 100 = 7.21%Gross Profit MarginIn 2007Gross profit margin = (2195 4669) x 100 = 47.01%In 2008Gross profit margin = (2514 5384) x 100 = 46.69%EFFICIENCYInventory eldIn 2007Ratio = (821 2504) x 365 = 119.67 days (long hundred days)In 2008Ratio = (767 2870) x 365 = 97. 54 days (98 days)Total summation turnoverIn 20072006 = Fixed assets + current asset = 7815 + 2396 + 22 = 102332007 = Fixed assets + current asset = 8667 + 2600 + 71 = 11338Average = (10233 + 11338) 2 = 10785.5Ratio = 4699 10785.5 = 0.448In 20082007 = Fixed assets + current asset = 8667 + 2600 + 71 = 113382008 = Fixed assets + current asset = 5990 + 2635 + 270 = 8895Average = (11338 + 8895) 2 = 10116.5Ratio = 5384 10116.5 = 0.532 last asset turnoverIn 2007Average total assets less current liabilities = ( 6855 + 6724 ) 2 = 6789.5Ratio = 4699 6789.5 = 0.688In 2008Average total assets less current liabilities = (6724 + 5507) 2 = 6115.5Ratio = 5384 6115.5 = 0.88INVESTMENT RATIOSDividend coverIn 2007Profit available for dividend = 149 + 258 = 407Ratio = 407 311 = 1.31In 2008Profit available for dividend = 370 + (-4) = 366Ratio = (366 295) = 1.24Dividend Payment RatioIn 2007Profit available for dividend = 149 + 258 = 407Ratio = (311 407) x 100% = 76%In 2008Profit available for dividend = 370 + (-4) = 366Ratio = (295 366) x 100% = 81%SummaryBased on calculation above, we can summarise a few things. There is a relation between profitability and efficiency, which is ROCE = operate profit margin x asset turnoverIn 2007( 278 6789.5 ) = ( 278 4699 ) x ( 4699 6789.5 )In 2008( 388 6115.5 ) = ( 388 5384 ) x ( 5384 6115.5 )It means that to improve ROCE, Cadbury has to improve their operating margins, from this Cadbury has increased their sales (increase their price of their product and reduce their cost), this method is effective, that we can see from their turn over which had increased from 4.7 billion pounds to 5.4 billion pounds in 2008.Return on ordinary shareholders funds (ROSF)ROSF means to compares the profit that available for shareholders with their investment in business. ROSF uses average investment in the business, from the calculation of ROSF, we can see that the profit for shareholders had decreased from 2007 to 2008 which was 10.344% in 2007 and 9.5% in 2008, this was happened because in 2008 there was loss because discontinued operation which has explained from above.Gross Profit Margin and Operating Profit MarginGross profit margin calculates about the difference between cost of manufacturing and the selling price, from that we have calculated on above, there is a slightly decrease from 2007 to 2008 which was 47.01% in 2007 and it was decreased to 46.69%. for operating margin, it calculates about operating profit that Cadbury received in every 100 pounds of sales, in Cadburys financial statement, we can see that there is an increase from 5.92 in 2007 to 7.21 in 2008, which means that in 2007 Cadbury received 5.92% as operating profit and 94.08% going in cost, and also in 2008.Inventory daysFrom this calculation, it calculated about formulation how much inventory level that can cover for the sales, it means to calculate how many days that left before you run out your inventory and there will be nothing for your custom ers to buy. from the calculation, we can see that there was a decrease from 2007 to 2008 in inventory days, which was 120 days in 2007 and 98 days in 2008, it means that Cadbury in 2007 Cadbury had 120 days left to cover their selling so in that time if Cadbury did not produce their product, then they had 120 days to cover before they run out, and it had decreased in 2008 to 98 days.Total asset turnover and Net asset turnoverTotal asset turnover of Cadbury PLC in 2007 and 2008 were 0.448 and 0.532, whereas their net asset turnover in 2007 and 2008 were 0.688 and 0.88. Total asset turnover is based on total assets while net asset turnover is based on total assets less current liabilities. consort to data in 2008, it showed that Cadbury got 0.532 for every 1 of their assets and got 0.88 for every 1 of their net assets. This location indicated that Cadbury had loss 0.468 per 1 of their assets and had loss 0.12 per 1 of their net assets.Dividend cover and Dividend payment rati oBoth of those ratios have same purpose which is to know how much notes that the shareholders received from the profit of the company. In 2007, the dividend cover and dividend payment ratio were 1.31 and 76% while the dividend cover and dividend payment ratio in 2008 were 1.24 and 81%. It expressed that Cadbury got some profit which is 1.31 per 1 that Cadbury paid out as dividend in 2007 and they got 1.24 in 2008. Those percentages expressed the amount of profit that is allocated to pay the shareholders as dividend, so 76% and 81% of their profit has been paid out as dividend.The Analysis of Financial Statements of Cadbury CompetitorCadbury has several competitors in confectionary business which are nose, Mars, etc. In this case, we would like to compare Cadbury with Nestle because Nestle is the largest food and beverage company in the world. Nestle also produces chocolate, gum, and candy same as Cadbury. The tables of financial statements of Nestle are shown below.According to table that is shown above, we can analyze the financial statements of Nestle. There are several ratios that we can calculate which areProfitabilityReturn on ordinary shareholders funds (ROSF)In 2007= 20.79%In 2008= 37.92%Return on capital employed (ROCE)In 2007= 20.08%In 2008= 34.58%Operating profit marginIn 2007= 13.42%In 2008= 20.91%Gross profit marginIn 2007= 58.13%In 2008= 56.93%EfficiencyInventory daysIn 2007= 75.14 daysIn 2008= 72.03 daysTotal assets turnoverIn 2007= 0.98In 2008= 1.09Net assets turnoverIn 2007= 1.50In 2008= 1.65EfficiencyAcid test ratioIn 2007= 0.61In 2008= 0.71Investment ratiosDividend coverIn 2007= 2.49 timesIn 2008= 3.72 timesIn 2008, turnover of Cadbury and Nestle were 5,384 millions and 55,174.6988 millions, whereas the net profit of Cadbury and Nestle were 366 millions and 9,563.75502 millions. From those data, we can compare both of their performance in 2008.Cadbury= = 0.068 = 6.8%Nestle= = 0.173 = 17.3%Based on those results, it looks Nestle has a violate performance than Cadbury. Nestle has a lot of variety of products that they have sold and Nestle company is also has wider market than Cadbury. The categories of Nestle products are baby foods, breakfast cereals, chocolate and confectionery, beverages, bottled water, dairy products, ice cream, prepared foods, foodservice, and pet care. (ANSWERS.COM http//www.answers.com/topic/nestl-sa).That reason is the one of many reasons that is causing Nestle performance is better than Cadbury.However, if we observe in one category such as chocolate and confectionary, Cadbury has a good market rather than Nestle. Cadbury is the second largest candy factory in the world after Mars and the second largest gum factory in the world after Wrigley.

The Stolen Party: Literature Analysis

The Stolen Party Literature AnalysisIn the story The Stolen Party, Rosaura, the protagonist, is a young naive girl who believes and trusts that entirely multitude are good. Her mother believes that all rich people are liars and they are inferior to them. She feels that her daughter will not be looked upon as equals. patronage her mothers judgement, Rosaura continues to spend most of her time trying to convince her mother, as well as everyone at the fellowship, that being an educated girl makes her an equal to everyone at the party. Rosaura believes that she is invited to the party because she and Luciana are friends. They spend a good amount time together. Every afternoon, they do their homework, drink tea in the kitchen and tell each other secrets. outlay all that time with Luciana gives Rosaura enough reason to assume that they are friends. Her mother tells her that she is not Lucianas friend, but merely the maids daughter. At the party, Rosaura helps Sefiora Ines, Lucianas mot her, by serving at the party. Rosaura believes that Sefiora Ines is communicate her to help because she is dependable and knows the house better than anyone else at the party. She feels like she is fitting in Lucianas lifestyle and not being judged based on her social status, until she is gratingly brought back to reality and faces the position of being inferior to rich people. At the end of the party, Sefiora Ines hands out loot bags to all the children and Rosaura even expected that she energy get 2 for helping so much at the party. However, Sefiora Ines did not give her any loot bags and instead handed her 2 bills from her purse. She said you in truth earned this thank you for all your help, my pet (Heker 4). The innocent Rosaura was shocked when she discovered that her mother was right all along. Rich people can never parcel out poor people as their friends, only as their inferior. Rosaura felt her arms stiffen, stick close to her body, and then she noticed her mothers han d on her shoulder. Instinctively, she pressed herself against her mothers body. That was all. pull out her eyes. Rosauras eye had a cold, clear look that fixed itself on Sefiora Ines face (Heker 4). Her dreams and her innocence were shattered by her naive thinking that she will not be judged based on her social class as well as Sefiora Ines treatment towards Rosaura.Similarly, in the story The Fall of the City, displacement, the protagonists innocence was destroyed by his give naivety when he believed that he could live in his imaginary world forever. In the centre of the room stood a fort and a palace, painstakingly constructed from corrugate unlifelike cartons (Nowlan 1). He made his own palace and army out of cardboard boxes where he was the commander he controlled everything in his world, and he had nothing to misgiving about. However, one day when his uncle found out that Teddy was playing with paper dolls, he constantly humiliated him. His uncle had a stereotypical view o n sexual urge roles, in which he believes that boys should not be playing with dolls, as it was a female thing to do. When Teddy plays quietly, his uncle automatically assumes that he is getting into trouble and embarrasses him. What Teddy had imagined and created for himself could not keep up with reality. There was no king Theodore, no Emperor Kang, no Theodoresburg, no Upalia, no Danova. There was only an attic full-of-the-moon of preposterous cardboard buildings and ridiculous paper people (Nowlan 3). He could no longer feel the magic that he once felt playing with his palace. When he went to the attic, the city was as he had left it. Yet everything had changed. Always before when we had come there, his flesh has tingled, his eyes had shone with excitement. Now there was only a essay like that of a spoil nutmeat (Nowlan 3). He was constantly ridiculed and let down by the adults in his life, mainly his uncle, which resulted in him tearing and destroyed his own cardboard palace which ultimately lead to the destruction of his innocence. In both stories, the authors showed that both childrens naivety and the adults role in each story resulted in them being betrayed and disappointed.In both stories, the protagonist is looking for approval from their society and in each story, there are different stereotypes. In The Stolen Party Rosaura wanted approval from the high class society and the support from her mother to believe that not all rich people are bad. In the end, Rosaura refuses to accept change, and believe that all people are bad, but learns that In contrast, in The fall of the City, Teddy is looking for approval from his uncle. His uncle had a stereotypical view on gender roles, in which he believes that boys should not be playing with dolls, as it was a female thing to do.

Stress And Well Being Psychology Essay

Stress And Well Being Psychology EssayPeople act in various federal agencys in seekful situations, some can cope with stressful situation and some cannot cope. People atomic number 18 to a greater extent stressed today than in the past. Researches were made to measuring and to manage stress.For measuring stress, researches used a couple of types. One was the Social Readjustment rating scale or SRRS. This measure of stress was devised by Holmes and Rahe in 1960. Their thought was that stress is more about the need of readjustment and change. For their research, they gathered almost 400 Americans and listed a scale of life events that could extend to an individual. In their opinion, life changes concur a major impact on an individual. In this scale at the top was death of a spouse with c units of life changes and the rest were adjusted accordingly. Almost 300 or even more of life changes units were linked to higher psychological and physical illnesses. Applying this method to m easure stress, leads to some weakness and strengths, in which, the strength will be that it does capture something about stress, as SRRS were proven to be related to illnesses. A weakness could be that a particular life event like an operation for a person who has a life threatening illness is more stressful than a person operation for esthetical enhancement who just want to change something.(handouts, 12.11.2012)Questionnaires measures is another type of stress measuring like SRRS, the Type A personality, Hassles and Uplifts, and so forth With questionnaire method is more easy to measure stress because they atomic number 18 quick and easy to administrate, moreover the weakness is that tribe may not be sincere when they answer. Some population could give answers in a way that will make them look good (social desirability bias). There are also frolic s gear wheel questionnaire based on job demands. Workers facing high psychological workloads demands and pressure, who work very fast, very hard and do not have plentiful time to finish their job, are in a greater risk for mental and physical illness.(handouts, 12.11.2012)Another type of stress measuring is controlled observation. There are various ways to measure, some of them cruel for example electric shocks, overcrowding, extremes of heat and colds used as stressors and others methods, by permanent interrupting the subjects during tests. A lot of researches were made on a link between Type A personality and heart diseases. The ones who developed the idea of Type A personality were Friedman and Rosenman. They had a different mien to measure this Type A. They were given tests to people and then they eternally interrupt them during testing. They could observe that some of the participants fatet well with interruptions only if some were more stressed because of the constant interruptions.(handouts, 12.11.2012)While measuring stress, researchers came up with some methods of stress management. They groupe d up this stress management methods in two, one psychological method in which are hardiness training and stress inoculation training and the other is the physiological method containing drugs and biofeedback techniques. (Gross, R., psychology, 5th edition, 2005)Suzanne Kobasas Hardiness Training has the three major Cs Control, dedication and Challenge. The people with hardiness personality are more in control of their lives, they can manage better stressful situation and see difficulties as a challenge rather than a problem. Thats why Hardy personality is stress-resistant. The training for this has three stages. The first one is focusing, in which the client is thought to be up to(p) to recognise the biological signs of stress such as increase of heart rate, muscle tension and also to be able to identify the source for this stress. The southward stage consists in reliving stress encounters, in which the clients relive their stress encounters and are helped in analysing those situ ations and their response to them. This method could give them some insight on coping strategies. The refinement one, self-improvement, involves learning of new techniques for the increase of the three Cs.(psychology AS, 2012/handout, 22.10.2012)Stress Inoculation Training or present is aiming to change peoples behaviour and thinking and is a cognitive behavioural therapy being specifically developed to deal with stress. There are also three stages as in Hardiness. The first stage is conceptualisation phase, in which a relation is established between client and the therapist and the client is educated about the impact and nature of stress. The client is trained to be able to identify the stressors and to learn how to breaks them down into chunks that can be tackled. The second phase is Skills acquisition. Here the person will develop skills in constructive thinking. maiden the skills are taught and practised in the clinic and after that they can be gradually rehearsed in real li fe. The skills can include positive thinking, relaxation, social skills, etc. The last phase Application and follow-through, in which clients are given opportunities to apply in real life the coping skills learned, some could be ask to even train others as well.(psychology AS, 2012/handout, 22.10.2012)The Hardiness Training and the Stress Inoculation Training are both psychological methods. The next method is physiological which consist in Drugs dream as a method of stress management.There are a lot various types of tranquiliser and anti-anxiety drugs. The most common are benzodiazepines or Bz shortened. These include Librium, lorazepam and Valium. The effect of this drugs is to lower the level of serotonin activity in the brain. If the level of serotonin is too low, cite depression but if it is too high produce anxiety. In 1960 they were highly prescribed as a replacement for barbiturates. Another group of tranquiliser are beta-blockers. Their activity is that of reducing the act ivation of the sympathetic branch of the anatomic nervous system meaning the activity reduction of SAM axis. The drugs are fast effective but the problem is that they are highly addictive.(handout, 29.10.2012)Based on the evaluations of the methods, there can be found a lot of weaknesses and strengths in each and every one of them as well as similarities and differences between them.In Hardiness Training strengths are that is it working, it deals with the cause of stress not just the symptoms, are more effective to people. The weaknesses consists in focusing on middle-class employment people, some people find control stressful-they dont like to be in control, people respond in different ways to Hardiness Training, some people doubt about the all three Cs being equally meaning(a) in protection against stress and even though control is important the commitment and challenges have no effects. (hand out, 22.10.2012 / psychology AS, 2012)SIT works well in general and also works for acu te and conic stress. The weaknesses of SIT consists in it being time consuming, requiring high motivation and in the fact that not all people need the same skills to cope with stress. (hand out, 22.10. 2012 / psychology AS, 2012)Drugs work in reducing anxiety also BZ are better than placebo effect, drugs are easy to use involving only the need to actually take the pill and for some forms of phobias are quite handy. Weaknesses are the fact that some drugs are highly addictive, produce strong withdrawal symptoms, patients develop tolerance to them quickly, effectiveness requires a higher dosage, they have a limit of recommended intakes of a maximum of four weeks, treats the symptoms not the actual cause of stress, does not sort out the problem and because of dependency of drugs some people become like vegetables. ( hand out, 29.10. 2012 / psychology AS, 2012)The similarities between these types are all of the methods allows the person to be in a better frame of mind to deal with stres s both SIT and Hardiness Training involves motivation and they take place over weeks and treat the cause rather than the symptoms and both change the way people think and help people learn skills to deal with their stress.The differences between these types are The effects of the drugs are relatively instant while the effects of SIT and HT require a longer period of time and greater effort until the results are seen Drugs can be addictive and have short term solutions but other methods like HT may deal with the real issue people can develop tolerance to drugs in comparison with the other methods that are more constant drugs have side effects, the other methods dont no withdrawal effect from stopping SIT and HT like there is with drugs HT depends on the liking for control but drugs dont.

Certified to Live :: Graduate Admissions Essays

Certified to Live The day had finally come, and now it was over. I had worked diligently for four years, and what did I have to show for it? One measly little degree. All that work just for a piece of paper. That night, after the graduation ceremony, I tossed and turned thinking about the past four years and what this degree meant. According to the University of Southern Mississippi Honors College, I was now certified to be a filmmaker. But what did that mean? Sure, I knew how to work a camera, edit film I even knew the format for writing a script. I could classify movies into genres, and line the most complicated plots. However, these things did not ensure me a career in film. I needed talent, creativity, and drive to really be successful. I was suddenly real nervous about what I was going to do if I failed, and even got out my old college bulletin to look at other possible majors. A few more years of school did not sound so bad. Then, I started recalling the past few years of my life. I had had so much turn in college. Staying up all night and talking with my friends, people-watching on the campus lawn, all those midnight McDonalds runs. College had been my first time to really be away from my family and friends. It had given me a hap to really come into my own, to realize the kind of person I really wanted to be. I had been able to make mistakes freely, and learn from them. Throughout the four years, whatsoever of my professors had been wonderful. There had been my Freshman Comp. Professor who had pushed me until I finally became a good writer. My film editing instructor had always liked my work, and said she would help me to fill started in the business. The more I thought about it, the more I realized I knew.

Abduction and Computer Game Design :: Technology Doom Myst Essays

Abduction and Com poseer Game DesignIntroductionIn this paper, I will search at the process of abductive reasoning and show the implications of this concept as it applies to computer game design. While my comments will relate to most computer games, I will specifically discuss two games designate, which is produced by the Id software company, and Myst, which is produced by Broderbund software. fateFirst, a little information about the game Doom. The first version of Doom was released as shareware (free demonstration software) in 1993, and its successors have included Doom II, Ultimate Doom and other variations. It has also inspired many similar games from other companies. Estimates put the number of players of this multiple-computer-platform software program at 10 million worldwide. One of the developers of Doom once boasted, In 1994, we fully expect to be the number unitary cause of decreased productivity in businesses around the world. What exampleistics have led Doom and its m any imitators to such success? I would argue that the most crucial reason is that game puts the player in an immersive environment. There is a compelling sense of virtual reality (to use a term that is more a cliche than any real description) in Doom. The action of the game is presented from a first-person point of view that is, what you see on the computer screen is approximately what the character you are playing would see. Your character is invisible, just as you cannot see yourself but in a mirror however, the weapon the character is holding is visible in the lower center of the screen. This technique of first-person presentation (fig. 1) serves to involve the player in the game action more directly than a third-person, overhead view might, and it makes for a more realistic presentation of the 3D action. As the player moves from room to room, lights flicker and fade and sounds get louder or softer. Doom has a frame (or image) rate great than that of film or television, which h as been shown to create an effect of heightened reality. Players have been observed exhibiting physical responses to the games action ducking and leaping back from the screen, and trying to peer around the walls displayed on the monitor.Doom can be played by a single person alone, by two people over a modem, or by up to four connected to a computer network, and these networked players can either cooperate or compete against each other.